When choosing a washing machine, most people look at capacity and spin speed. But the drum itself, its size, surface and the way it is driven, has a big effect on how well clothes are cleaned and how gently they are treated.
Drum capacity
Drum capacity is measured in kilograms of dry laundry. A larger drum gives clothes more room to move through the water, which improves cleaning and reduces creasing, even with the same amount of washing. It also lets you wash bulky items like duvets.
Drum surfaces
Older drums had large holes, which could catch delicate fabrics. Modern drums use patterns designed to protect clothes:
- Honeycomb and textured drums create a thin film of water between the clothes and the drum, so fabrics glide rather than rub.
- Wave and dimpled drums use raised patterns to lift clothes gently and help detergent penetrate the fibres.
- Smaller, recessed holes reduce the risk of snags and of small items escaping into the machine.
Paddles and lifters
The paddles inside the drum lift clothes and drop them back into the water, which provides much of the cleaning action. Shaped paddles with spray holes can scoop water and shower it over the laundry, improving rinsing.
Drum lighting and door size
A wide door opening and drum light make it much easier to load bedding and spot small items left behind.
How the drum is driven
Traditional machines turn the drum with a belt connected to the motor. Many modern machines use inverter or direct-drive motors, where the motor turns the drum directly or with fewer moving parts. These are quieter, more efficient and allow very precise control of drum movement, so different programmes can use different motions for different fabrics.
Drum care
Coins, underwire and hair grips can damage the drum and its seal. Empty pockets, use a mesh bag for delicates and run a monthly maintenance wash.
Learn about other features in our guide to washing machine technology, or browse our washing machines. If your drum is noisy, rumbling or will not turn, see our washing machine repair service.